History and Value of Environmental Labeling

Environmental labels have been around for more than a quarter of a century, but their value is based on the assurance that the information provided is reliable, objective, easily identifiable and understandable to consumers.

The demand for environmental information on consumer products has been increasing since the late 1970s. There are now many different approaches and systems for evaluating and communicating environmental product information.

In 1992, the concept of environmental labeling was approved by governments participating in the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) to "promote the expansion of environmental labeling and other environmental product information programs designed to help consumers make informed choices".

In 1993, ISO established a technical committee to develop international environmental labeling standards. These standards are intended to cover consistency and accuracy requirements and create fair competition in the market. The ISO 14020 series is part of the international family of environmental labeling standards.

Environmental labeling is based on international standards and is recognized by the World Trade Organization (WTO) secretariat as an effective tool of environmental policy.

The standards play an important role in providing guidance for the provision of responsible claims in industry and advertising.

Standards for environmental claims benefit consumers, industry and advertisers by providing a level playing field and consistency of application. In addition, they provide continuous improvement through maintaining an updated standard program as environmental practices and scientific knowledge evolve.